What is a generic new gTLD application?

A generic new gTLD application is a submission to ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) to create and operate a Top-Level Domain (TLD) that is typically an "open" registry, intended for use by the general public or a wide, defined industry/interest group.

The term "generic" in this context refers to the nature of the TLD string and its intended openness, in contrast to the restricted-use dotBrand gTLDs.

Key Characteristics of a Generic New gTLD:

Feature	Description	Examples
The String	The TLD string is usually a general or common word (a dictionary word) that describes a product, service, industry, or concept.	.shop, .tech, .club, .app, .fashion
Registration Policy	These TLDs are generally "open" for registration by any person or entity that complies with the registry's terms. The business model is based on selling domain names to the public through registrars.	The entity that wins the application runs the registry, selling example.shop to anyone who wants one.
Business Model	The applicant intends to be a Registry Operator that sells the second-level domains (what comes before the dot) to the global market, essentially creating a new, dedicated namespace for a market segment.	A company operating the .shop TLD is in the business of selling domains like myonline.shop to e-commerce merchants.
Applicant Intent	To foster competition, innovation, and choice in the Domain Name System (DNS) by creating new, relevant internet addresses.	Domain registry companies, consortia of industry players, or large corporations seeking to operate a new extension.

Types of Generic Applications

Generic gTLD applications are generally grouped into several categories by ICANN, all of which contrast with the dotBrand:

Type	Restriction/Scope	Examples
Standard/Unrestricted Generic	Open to the general public with no content restrictions (like .com or .net).	.club, .xyz, .online
Community gTLD	Restricted to a specific, highly-defined community with strong social awareness or common interest. Applicants must demonstrate community support.	.catholic, .aarp
Geographical gTLD	Represents a specific city or region. Requires support from the relevant local government or public authority.	.nyc, .berlin, .tokyo

Generic vs. dotBrand

The core difference lies in the purpose and control of the TLD:

• Generic TLD: Open to the public, the applicant's goal is to be a service provider (a registry) selling domains to the market.
• dotBrand TLD: Closed for exclusive use by the brand owner, whose goal is to control the space for their own security and marketing needs.

The process for a generic gTLD is also more likely to involve a contention set, where multiple parties apply for the same or similar string (e.g., several companies applying for .auto), which can lead to auctions or other dispute resolution procedures.